Properties of a Highly Viscous Polysaccharide Produced by a Bacillus Strain Isolated from Soil

概要

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Chemical and rheological properties of a highly viscous and acidic polysaccharide produced by a soil bacterium idendfied as Bacillus circulans are described. The molecular weight of the native polysaccharide was about 116×10^4 by gel filtration with HPLC. The molar ratio of D-galactose, D-mannose, and L-rhamnose contained in the polysaccharide as neutral sugar components was 1.3 : 1 : 2. The viscosity of 1% solution of the polysaccharide was about 5000cp, which was higher than that of guar gum, a seed polysaccharide, used as a reference standard. The viscosity was affected by the pH of the polysaccharide solution, a maximum viscosity being observed at pH 5.5 for native and decationized polysaccharide solution. The viscosity of 0.3% solution was decreased to about 70% by heating at 100℃ and 22% at 120℃ for 30 min as compared to the viscosity before heating. The addition of sugars, especially sucrose and glucose, at 10-30% concentration brought about a 130-180% increase of the viscosity. The addition of CaCl_2 at a low concentration markedly increased the viscosity, and a maximum viscosity was attained at 2% concentration of the salt.
社団法人日本農芸化学会の論文
1992-04-23