塩素処理水中に検出される消毒副生成物の変異原性とその構造活性相関

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Chlorinated by-products such as trihalomethanes were identified in drinking water and swimming pool water, because of chlorination for disinfection. It is now accepted that many kinds of by-products ; e.g., chlorinated acetic acids, acetones, and acetonitriles, are formed by the reaction of chlorine and organic compounds naturally present in water. And a small amounts of brominated by-products were identified in chlorinated raw water containing bromine. Then, mutagenic activity of 20 halogenated by-products ; viz., mono-, di-, tri-haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, and haloacetone which were detected in chlorinated water, were assayed using the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. In addition, any correlation between structure and mutagenic activity was investigated. The TA98 mutagenicity testing of monohalogenated compounds showed few positives. However, it was considered that these compounds have cell toxicity to TA98 and TA100. Monobrominated compounds were cytotoxic at doses of 2 to 40-fold lower than monochlorinated compounds. The mutagenic activity of most dihalogenated by-products displayed positive. It was shown that the mutagenic activity of brominated compounds was greater than chlorinated compounds. With chloroacetones, it appeared that their mutagenic activity was determined by the bond position of the chlorine atoms rather than their number. The mutagenic activity was altered by various functional groups. In the case of TA100 without S9 mix, the mutagenic activity of -CN compounds was the greatest, then 〓 C=O> -COOH in that order. MX and BMX displayed extremely potent mutagenic activity in this studied. There was a difference of positive dose range with the presence and absence of S9 mix, in case of MX and BMX mutagenicity testing.
日本環境変異原学会の論文
1999-02-28

塩素処理水中に検出される消毒副生成物の変異原性とその構造活性相関

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