Alternaria solaniの菌体外β-1,3-グルカナーゼの多様性 : カビのグリコシターゼI
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概要
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不完全菌類の1種, 植物病原菌であるAlternaria solaniを乾燥酵母3%を含む培養基にて培養して得た培養濾液から分子量を異にした少なくとも3種類のβ-1,3-グルカナーゼを得, その生理的意義の解明を試みた.Sephadex G-100によるゲル濾過によって分画された各酵素は溶出順序に従い, E-I(分子量約115,000), E-II(約42,000), E-III(約15,000)と名づけた.これら3種のうち, E-IIは培養を通じて全β1,3-グルカナーゼの2〜4%とほぼ一定した産生を示したが, E-I及びE-IIIは培養経過に伴って著しい変動を示した.E-IIIは培養前期において優先的に産生され, 5日目において最大値を得, 以後減少し, 8日目以降においては焼失した.一方, E-Iはやや遅れて生産され, 培養と共に徐々に増加し, 7日目において最大値を示した.E-I及びE-IIIの部分精製商品の性質を検討したところ, E-Iは至適温度55℃, 至適pH5.0で, E-IIIは至適温度45℃, 至適pH5.5であった.熱安定性において両酵素間には顕著な差は認められなかったが, pH安定性は非常に異なり, E-IはpH4.5〜8.5と比較的安定なpH域を有するが, E-IIIの安定域はpH4.5〜7.0と非常に狭く, pH失活を受け易い.この両酵素のpH安定域を培養におけるpHの変動と共に考察すると, E-IIIの活性低下は培地のpH上昇に伴なうpH失活現象とみることが出来る.乾燥酵母を含まず, グルコースを唯一の炭素源として培養したときに得られる酵素はE-I及びE-II相当酵素のみであり, E-III相当のものは培養に各ステイジを通しても得られなかった.両酵素の産生様式, 変動性及び酵素的性質より, E-Iは構成的酵素であり, E-IIIは酵母グルカンによって誘導的に生産された酵素であろうと推察される.
- 1974-10-25
著者
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宿前 利郎
東京薬科大学
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宮崎 利夫
東京薬科大学
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大和 進
東京薬科大学 微生物学教室
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宮崎 利夫
Tokyo University Of Pharmacy And Life Science (formerly Tokyo College Of Pharmacy)
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