工業微生物の対酸素挙動の解析. II : 表面および液内培養における麹菌の対酸素生理

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1) One of the physiological distinction between surface-grown cells (A) adn the cells grown in submerged process (B) in the case of mold can be expressed in terms of MICHAELIS constants with regard to the respiration rate-oxygen tension relationship. With Asp. oryzae, A-cells have an extremely high Km-value (immeasurable ; perhaps > 10^<-2>M) for dissolved oxygen (D.O.) and relatively low value (0.01 Atm.) for gaseous oxygen (G.O.), while B-cells have a very low Km-value (ca. 2×10^<-6>M) for D.O. adn a relatively high value (ca. 0.06 Atm) for G.O. The behaviors for rice-koji toward oxygen follows the above example of A-cells. The above distinction in characteristics between A-and B-cells can be observed at an early stage of culture. Spores swollen on the surface of a growth medium exhibit two Km-values in D.O. utilization ; the lower value (10^<-6>M) is almost equal to that of dormant spores, and the higher one (3×10^<-4gt;&M) is peculiar to spores swollen in contact with gaseous oxygen. On the other hand, spores swollen in submerged culture have only one Km-value (ca. 2×10^<-6>M) for D.O., which is maintained throughout the culture.2) Difference in the above behaviors due to the difference in cultural condition can partly be explained on the basis of the oxygen-terminal respiratory systems. It is revealed that B-cells contain much more of cytochrome oxidase and cytochrome c that A-cells do, and catalase than B-cells. But, immeasurable high Km-value shown in the utilization of D.O. by A-cells and relatively high Km-value obtained with B-cells respiring G.O. cannot be explained ; tentatively, one may presume some carrier molecules in the latter case, and nonspecific diffusion of oxygen through membrane which is rate-limiting in the former. 3) The specific retes of oxygen-adaptation in submerged culture were estimated according to the formula presented in the previous report, and it was found that the saturation constant (Ks) with regard to the specific rate-oxygen concentration relationship is roughly analogous to the MICHAELIS function. The estimated Ks-value is about fortyfold higher than Km-value of the same cells.4) Method for the analysis of D.O. attenuation curve with cells which is dualistic in regard to Km is presented.
公益社団法人日本生物工学会の論文
1960-07-15

工業微生物の対酸素挙動の解析. II : 表面および液内培養における麹菌の対酸素生理

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