(4)糸状菌の深部培養法によるセルレースの生産

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Studies were conducted on the submerged cultures of fungi for the production of cellulase. From among many isolates, three (Penicillium sp., Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus niger) were found to be highly active in producing cellulase in 5% wheat-bran medium.Opt. pH-values of 5.0,5.0 and 3.7 were obtained with cellulase systems produced, respectively, by Pen. sp., Trich. sp. and A. niger (Fig. 1,2).Culture conditions and the compositions of media adequate for cellulase formation were investigated with these strains.Inducer or the source of inducer was necessary for the enzyme formation. Pulp powder, rayon, cotton linter etc. were effective when added to 5% wheat-bran medium (Table 2). Such inducer sources were advantageously used in conjunction with any other carbon source readily available for growth in the early phase of culture. In this case the preferential utilization of the latter substance was followed by the preferential synthesis of cellulase utilizing the inducer surce.Lactose and cellobiose seemed to have the action, though weak, as inducers for cellulase, and starch was relatively effective in the case of Pen. sp.An example of the time-course of a culture of Pen. sp. in 20 L jar fermentor is depicted in Fig. 5,where the composition of medium used is listed. Cellulase formation was initiated when reducing sugar was mostly consumed.Induced mycelia harvested from a culturse for cellulase production could be reused for the subsequent cultures yielding good results within a shorter time of culture. Successful reuse could be attained when the culture period was reasonably determined so that the active phase of cellulase production could be continued from culture to culture.Reuse could be repeated three to four times without appreciable loss of productivity.Zone electrophoretic pattern observed with cellualse preparation from a Pen. culture indicated the existence of two enzymes exhibiting CMC-decomposing activity. Ultraviolet induced mutants having higher activities of cellulase production were obtained from the above strains.
社団法人日本生物工学会の論文
1962-03-15

(4)糸状菌の深部培養法によるセルレースの生産

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