フェノール類の微生物による分解に関する研究 : (第4報)フェノール資化性酵母による芳香族化合物の酸化

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Using cells of Rhodotorula glutinis var. glutinis, Candida tropicalis, and Trichosporon cutaneum induced with phenol, the oxidation of phenols and other aromatic compounds was studied.1. Oxidation patterns of the three strains with the following substrates closely resembled one another : phenol, dihydric phenols, trihydric phenols, hydroxybenzaldehydes, and aminophenols. Dihydric phenols were readily oxidized to the same degree as phenol. Trihydric phenols were more resistant to dissimilation, of which hydroxyhydroquinone showed a relatively high oxygen uptake rate, pyrogallol slowly oxidized, and phloroglucinol was most difficult to oxidize.2. By R. glutinis var. elutinis, there were higher activity of oxidation with vanillin, considerably with isovanillin, and with L-phenylalanine after a lag of about 1.5 hours, than the other two strains.The activity was high with arbutin and moderate with salicine using R. glutinis var.glutinis, but the other strains showed little oxidative activity with these compounds.3. Aromatic acids, benzylalcohols and benzaldehyde were oxidized readily by R.glutinis var. glutinis and considerably by T. cutaneum, but not by C.tropicalis.4.In the case of T. cutameum, higher oxygen uptakes were observed with anthranilic acid and p-and m-cresol after a lag of about 1.5 hours, than in the case of the other two strains.5. Of the mono-substituted phenols, generally, the initial rates of oxygen uptake were the highest with p-isomers, moderate with m-isomers, and lowest with o-isomers, except in the case of the bromophenols, of which the o-isomer had a higher actibity than did the p-isomer.6. Of tri-substituetd benzens, the 1,3,4-isomers were the most readily oxidized, the 1,2,3-isomers were degraded to a lesser degree, and the 1,3,5-isomers were oxidized with difficulty or not at all, for instance, with trihydric phenols and dihydroxybenzonic acids.7. Nitrophenols, as in the case of the "uncoupler", 2,4-dinitrophenol, enhanced only the endogenous respiration rapidly and without delay, but not were susseptible to oxidation at all.8.Bromophenols consumed much oxygen, but were very slowly oxidized. In spite of utilizing little substrate, the cells induced with these compounds had considerable phenol oxidizing activity.9. With any of the three strains, high resistance to oxidation was observed in the case of benzene, anillin, chlorobenzene, toluene, nitrobenzen, sylene, and polycylic compounds. Cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, and cyclohexanone were not oxidized at all.
社団法人日本生物工学会の論文

フェノール類の微生物による分解に関する研究 : (第4報)フェノール資化性酵母による芳香族化合物の酸化

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