A comparative epidemiological study of hantavirus infection in Japan and Far East Russia

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Hantaviruses are causative agents of some severe human illnesses, includinghemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（HFRS）and hantavirus pulmonarysyndrome（HPS）．The viruses are maintained by rodent hosts, andhumans acquire infection by inhaling virus-contaminated excreta from infectedanimals. To examine the epidemiology of hantavirus infections in Japanand Far East Russia, we conducted epidemiological surveys in these regions.In Japan, anti-hantavirus antibodies were found in four rodent species,Clethrionomys rufocanus, Rattus norvegicus, R. rattus, and Apodemus speciosus.Although no new HFRS cases have been officially reported over the past２０years in Japan, one member of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force didtest positive for hantavirus antibody. Repeated surveys in Far East Russiahave revealed that two distinct hantavirus types cause severe HFRS in thisregion. Hantavirus sequences identified from A. peninsulae, fetal HFRS casesin Vladivostok, and Amur virus are highly similar to each other（＞９２％ identity），but they are less similar（～８４％ identity）to the prototypical Hantaanvirus, which is carried by A. agrarius. Phylogenetic analysis also indicatesthat Amur and A. peninsulae-associated viruses are distinct from Hantaan virus,suggesting that A. peninsulae is the reservoir animal for Amur virus, which causes severe HFRS. From HFRS patients in the Khabarovsk region,we identified viruses with nucleotide sequences that are more similar to FarEast virus（＞９６％identity）than to the Hantaan（８８‐８９％identity）or Amur（８１‐８３％identity）viruses. Phylogenetic analysis also indicates that the virusesfrom Khabarovsk HFRS patients are closely related to the Far East virus,and distinct from Amur virus.
The Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido Universityの論文
2007-02-28

A comparative epidemiological study of hantavirus infection in Japan and Far East Russia

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