33 高死亡率魚介類食中毒の原因毒と毒化機構の解明(口頭発表の部)

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In tropical areas, sporadic but highly fatal seafood poisonings are known to occur after eating sharks, turtles, and sardines. We identified the causative toxins and pointed out that they were distinctly different from ciguatoxin both chemically and etiologically. [Shark Poisoning] From 30g of the shark liver that was implicated in massive human intoxication, two toxins were isolated and named carchatoxin-A and -B, respectively. Compared with ciguatoxin, carchatoxins were less polar by HPLC, killed mice in shorter periods, and caused only mild diarrhea. They inhibited depolarization of Na channels, as does ciguatoxin. The very tiny amounts of the toxins prevented us from elucidating their structures by NMR spectroscopy. Nevertheless, effort is being continued to obtain further structural information. [Turtle Poisoning] About 90g of the left-over meal was made available for experiments. From the low polarity, weak basicity, and inflammatory nature of the turtle toxin, we predicted that the toxin could be lyngbyatoxin-A or its analogs. Subsequent analysis by HPLC and LC/MS confirmed the presence of lyngbyatoxin-A and thus suggested the toxin source to be blue-green algae tangling on Zostera. [Clupeotoxism] Clupeotoxin isolated from a head of the sardine, Herklotsichtys quadrimaculatus, implicated in human fatality was identified to be palytoxin, based on its chromatographic, cytotoxic, and hemolytic properties, and neutralization assay results obtained by using an anti-palytoxin antibody. This is the first time to determine the cause of clupeotoxism. The dinoflagellate Ostreopsis siamensis was suggested to be the primary source of the toxin.
1997-07-20

33 高死亡率魚介類食中毒の原因毒と毒化機構の解明(口頭発表の部)

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