81(P-38) サソリ、クモ毒から得られた両親媒性ペプチド(ポスター発表の部)

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Scorpion and spider venoms contain a complex mixture of toxic peptides that interact with cellular receptors, in particular ion channels and cell membranes. Several novel antimicrobial peptides have been identified and characterized from venom of the scorpions Opisthacanthus madagascariencis, Pandinus imperator, and from venom of the spider Oxyopes kitabensis. The peptides, designated IsCT1 and IsCT2 from Opisthacanthus madagascariencis, Pin1 and Pin2 front Pandinus imperator, and Oxki1 and Oxki2 from Oxyopes kitabensis, are α-helical polycationic peptides with a high number of hydrophobic residues. Such molecular composition give to these molecules and amphipathic character and alpha-helical structure that interact with the cellular membranes of various cells forming non-selective ion channels which lead to cell lysis. IsCT1 and IsCT2 belongs to the group of short antibacterial and cytothrophic peptides homologous to mastoparan and other short peptides found in wasp and bee venoms. Pin1 belongs to the group of antibacterial peptides previously described from scorpions, frogs or insects and Pin2 belongs to the group of short magainin-type helical peptides from frogs. Oxki1 and Oxki2 are similar to several cecropin-like peptides but with the characteristic that they are more hemolytic than bactericidal. All peptides have been chemically synthesized and have demonstrated high antimicrobial activity against a range of gram-positive bacteria but they were less active against gram-negative bacteria. All peptides but Pin1 also demonstrated strong hemolytic activity against sheep erythrocytes. Circular dichroism studies have showed that these novel peptides from scorpion and spiders are essentially helical but differ in their overall structure. The origin of these α-helical peptides brings new insights into the mode of action of scorpion venom and also opens new avenues for the discovery of novel antibiotic molecules from arthropod venoms.
天然有機化合物討論会の論文
2001-09-01

81(P-38) サソリ、クモ毒から得られた両親媒性ペプチド(ポスター発表の部)

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