固定化生体触媒による有機合成

概要

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Enzymes, which catalyze a variety of reactions in living systems, have many specific features, such as regiospecificity, stereospecificity and substrate specificity. Furthermore, such reactions can be carried out under very mild conditions. Immobilization of biocatalysts (enzymes, and enzymecontaining organelles, microbial cells and other living systems) is attracting worldwide attention, because immobilized biocatalysts catalyze biochemical reactions under more stabilized conditions than their free counterparts and, moreover, they can be reused economically. At present, applications of immobilized biocatalysts include (a) production of useful compounds by stereospecific and/ or regiospecific reactions under mild conditions, (b) production of energy by biological processes, (c) analyses of various compounds with high sensitivity and high specificity, and (d) utilization in medical fields such as new types of drugs and artificial organs <I>etc</I>.<BR>This review deals with the several examples of immobilized biocatalysts applied to biosynthesis and bioconversion of organic compounds. Utilization of immobilized biocatalysts in the presence of organic solvents is also described.
社団法人有機合成化学協会の論文