Genetic Diversity of Ephedra Plants in Mongolia Inferred from Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequence of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA
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概要
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Ephedrae herba has been used for treating colds, relieving coughs and asthma from ancient times. We previously reported the distribution of Ephedra sinica, E. equisetina, E. przewalskii, E. regeliana, E. monosperma and Ephedra sp. in Mongolia, and among them E. sinica and E. equisetina were potential new resources of Ephedrae herba of Japanese pharmacopoeia grade, based on our field survey and subsequent molecular and chemical assessments. However, the Ephedra population in southwestern areas showed a high possibility of having hybrid origins. Further field surveys in southwestern areas, and sequence analysis of the partial nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region, besides trnK and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene regions, were conducted in order to obtain detailed evidence of hybridization status. As a result, the distribution of E. glauca in western area and E. lomatolepis in western-most area was confirmed. The ITS sequences from all 8 Ephedra species collected in Mongolia were roughly divided into 5 types (types I—V). Type II sequence, having several additive nucleotides, was found in Ephedra sp., E. glauca, E. regeliana and E. sinica, which provided useful information for tracing hybrid origins. Morphological, genetic and distribution evidence suggested that the hybridization of Ephedra species occurred widely in southwestern Mongolia, and several Ephedra species including E. przewalkskii and E. intermedia were involved in these events. Integrated with our previous report, trnK-, 18S- and ITS-types from pure lines of each species are proposed. In addition, we propose a practicable method for detecting additive peaks on a direct sequencing electropherogram.
- 公益社団法人 日本薬学会の論文
著者
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Sanchir Chinbat
Institute of Botany, Mongolian Academy of Sciences
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Sanchir Chinbat
Institute Of Botany Mongolian Academy Of Sciences
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Shu Zhu
富山大学和漢医薬学総合研究所生薬資源科学分野
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Zhu Shu
Division Of Pharmacognosy Department Of Medicinal Resources Institute Of Natural Medicine University
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Kitani Yuki
Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, Univers
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Komatsu Katsuko
Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, Univers
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Zhu Shu
Division Of Pharmacognosy Institute Of Natural Medicine University Of Toyama
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Zhu Shu
Division Of Pharmacognosy Department Of Medicinal Resources Istitute Of Natural Medicine University
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Komatsu Katsuko
Division Of Pharmacognosy Department Of Medicinal Resources Institute Of Natural Medicine Toyama Med
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Batkhuu Javzan
School of Biology and Biotechnology, National University of Mongolia
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Kitani Yuki
Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama
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Zhu Shu
Division of Parmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama
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Komatsu Katsuko
Division of Parmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama
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Sanchir Chinbat
Institute of Biology, Mongolian Academy of Science
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