Effect of Dietary n-6/n-3 Ratio on Liver n-6/n-3 Ratio and Peroxisomal β-Oxidation Activity in Rats

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The optimal dietary n-6/n-3 ratio has not been fully elucidated. To investigate the influence of the dietary n-6/n-3 ratio on this ratio in the body and on liver β-oxidation peroxisomal activity, rats were fed diets containing fat at an n-6/n-3 ratio of 1 to 16 for 4 weeks. To investigate whether elevation of the liver peroxisomal β-oxidation activity increases the n-6/n-3 ratio in the body, rats were fed a diet containing a peroxisome-activating agent, bezafibrate, for 2 weeks, and its influence on the liver n-6/n-3 ratio was examined. The slope of the regression line between the dietary and liver total lipid n-6/n-3 ratios was significantly smaller when the dietary n-6/n-3 ratio was 4 or greater than when it was smaller than 4. Peroxisomal β-oxidation and acyl CoA oxidase activities were significantly lower in rats fed a diet with an n-6/n-3 ratio of 16 than in those fed a diet with a ratio of 1. The peroxisomal β-oxidation activity in the bezafibrate-supplemented group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The serum and liver total lipid n-6/n-3 ratios were significantly higher in the 0.015% bezafibrate-supplemented group than in the control group. These findings suggest that the liver n-6/n-3 ratio might be controlled via peroxisomal β-oxidation in rats.
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