理科学習に有効な授業の要素について(II) : 小学校第5学年「物のとけ方」の授業を通して

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小学校第5学年の児童を対象に「物のとけ方」についての実験授業を実施し，概念をバスの座席数と乗客数との関係に見立ててモデル的に考えさせることの効果を検討した。事前・事後テストの結果から，このような視点が加えられると，概念の習得がある程度促進されることが示された。また，得た概念をこのようなイメージを利用して説明しようとする傾向がみられた。In order to design or elaborate the effective teaching skills several pre- and post-tests on various points of views have been performed in science classes of“substance dissolving in water”in the fifth grade of the elementary school.By using the analogy regarding the dissolution and saturation processes in the water solution of the table salt,e.g.,the relationship between the numbers of the passengers and total seats set on an omnibus,the classes have been arranged so as to make pupils understand well the relationship between the concentration and its weight of the salt in solution.On the basis of the tests it was found that the guidance using the suitable analogy leads pupils to make easier to attain the concept as to the dissolving process of the substance in water.Moreover,the pupils developed a tendency to become active to use the attained analogy or concept to explain another related phenomena.Brief discussion is devoted to emphasize the importance of giving an approprate analogy to elaborate the effective teaching skills in science lessons.
大阪教育大学の論文

理科学習に有効な授業の要素について(II) : 小学校第5学年「物のとけ方」の授業を通して

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