Aspergillus aculeatusの粗酵素によるセルロース性物質の分解

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With a view to producing edible microbial sugar, enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic substances by the crude cellulase from Aspergillus aculeatus F-50 was investigated. A crude cellulase powder was prepared from the culture filtrate of this fungus by ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis and acetone precipitation.Ball-milling, and delingification by the acid chlorite method or NaOH-treatment were studied as a pretreatment to enhance the hydrolysis by the crude cellulase. For enzyme hydrolysis, an effective treatment of rice straw was boiling with 1% NaOH for 3h. On hydrolysis of 10% NaOH-treated rice straw with 0.5% cellulase at 37℃ for 3 days, the degree of solubilization reached 85% of dry matter. The sugar solution obtained had a reducing sugar concentration of 8%, which consisted of only such monosaccharides as glucose and xylose.The cellulases Meicelase CMB-5003 and Cellulase Onozuka R-10,which are derived from Trichoderma viride, degraded NaOH-treated rice straw to a comparable extent to the crude cellulase, but both yielded such oligosaccharides as cellobiose in the sugar solutions. The combined use of the crude cellulase with Meicelase CMB-5003 stimulated remarkably the hydrolysis of NaOH-treated rice straw, yielding an 8% sugar solution after only 1 day.Fresh orange peel minced to 5 mm was macerated rapidly by 0.1% cellulase at a 10% substrate concentration, giving degree of solubilization of more than 70% after 12 h. When 10% bleached kraft pulp (hardwood) was hydrolyzed with 0.5% cellulase for 3 days, a sugar solution of 7.3% concentration was obtained and the degree of solubilization was 73%. The hydrolyzates from orange peel and pulp consisted only of such monosaccharides as glucose.
社団法人日本生物工学会の論文
1982-09-25

Aspergillus aculeatusの粗酵素によるセルロース性物質の分解

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