Nematocidal and Bursting Activities of Essential Oils on the Larvae to Toxocara canis

概要

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Many essential oils were found to be nematocidal to the larvae of dog-roundworm, Toxocara canis. Of these, cinnamon leaf oil, citronella oil, lemongrass oil, litsea cubeba oil, and vetiver oil showed a very strong activity: their MLC's were all <0.1 mg/ml. Of the constituents of the essential oils, acyclic mono- and sesqui-terpene alcohols and aldehydes generally showed a very strong nematocidal activity. The activity of phenylpropanoids was appreciable, and those of cyclic terpenoids and other aromatics were generally weaker than those of the above two groups. Thus, the nematocidal constituent of lemongrass and litsea cubeba oil was proved as citral, and that of cinnamon leaf oil as eugenol. In this work a new type of bursting of the worms caused by essential oils alone (ES-burst) was discovered. This new type bursting is very different in the bursting feature from the bursting caused by the combination of a tannin and a nematocidal constituent (tannin-burst). An important role of limonene (d and l) as a co-factor for the ES-burst was indicated and the synergistic actions of several essential oil constituents were also discussed.
日本生薬学会の論文
1990-09-20