Exogenous Proline Mitigates the Inhibition of Growth of Nicotiana tabacum Cultured Cells under Saline Conditions

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The addition of exogenous proline (10 mM) to Na100-saline culture medium, modified LS medium (Linsmaier and Skoog 1965: Physiol. Plant., 18, 100-127) with 100 mM NaCl promoted the growth of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Bright Yellow-2) suspension cells unadapted to salt stress without maintaining a high ratio of K^+ to Na^+ ions under salinity conditions. The addition of exogenous glutamic acid or alanine were not comparable to that of exogenous proline. The proline contents of the NaCl-unadapted cells became much higher when the cells were grown in Na100-saline culture medium with 10 mM proline than when the cells were cultured without proline. The accumulation of K^+, Na^+, and counter ions was sufficient to compensate for the increase of the water potential of the cells caused by salinity. These results suggest that exogenous proline does not act as a nitrogen store and that proline may act as a protectant for enzymes and membranes against salt inactivation rather than as a compatible solute in tobacco suspension cells.
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