標高に伴うカラマツの葉の開葉と落葉の挙動

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Phenological behavior of leaves of the Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis GORD.) was studied along the Western slope of Mt. Utsukushi (2,034 m a. s. l.), central Japan, from 1980 to 1991. The seasonal features of leaves, such as opening, development, yellow coloration and falling, were observed at points located at elevations from 600 to 2,000 m at 100-m altitudinal intervals, and were analyzed on the basis of daily air temperature. When the threshold value was set at 2℃, the best fitness among temporary threshold values from 0 to 7℃ was realized at 101 (±9)℃・days of cumulative daily temperature for the beginning of leaf opening and at 226 (±12)℃・days (3-4 weeks) for completion of leaf development after opening. The speed of leaf opening from the foot of the slope was 2.9 days and that of completion of leaf development was 3.1 days per 100 m elevation on average. On the other hand. leaf yellowing started earlier at higher altitude and moved downwards at a speed of 2.4 days per 100 m elevation followed by a 2-3-week period of leaf falling, which seemed to take longer at higher elevations. Stem growth started from 2 weeks after the completion of leaf development and had nearly finished within 4 or more weeks preceding leaf yellowing at all elevations. At elevations higher than 1,500 m the length of the period when trees bore green leaves was shorter than half a year. These facts suggest a disadvantage for growth of larch at higher elevation.
日本生態学会の論文
1994-12-15

標高に伴うカラマツの葉の開葉と落葉の挙動

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