塩茶を常飲し蕎麦を主食とするネパール山岳地住民における血圧関連要因の検討

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Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the genesis of hypertension in the mountain inhabitants who are taking salt tea and buckwheat as the main foods habitually and are living at about 2,500-2,850 meters above sea level in the Mustang District of Nepal. Subjects and Methods : A total of 229 men and 212 women of the Thakali tribe, aged from 20 to 80, participated in this study. Medical, nutritional, physical and anthropometric procedures were performed in the same manner as in our previous Nepal study. Results : (1) Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 127/83 mmHg for men and 124/80 mmHg for women, respectively. (2) The incidence of hypertension, including borderline hypertensives, was 25.1% for men and 20.5% for women, respectively. (3) Fifty-seven percent of men and 75% of women took salt tea habitually, and 64% of them took buckwheat as the main foods. (4) Estimated average salt intake was approximately 14-15g/day. (5) Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was statistically significantly associated with age, body mass index and urinary Na excretion, positively, and with urinary K excretion, negatively, by means of multiple regression analysis. (6) Urinary K excretion was significantly and positively associated with buckwheat intake by multiple regression analysis. Conclusions : These results suggest that buckwheat intake might bring about lower blood pressure levels in the Thakali tribe.標高2，700m前後のMustang地区住民(Thakali族)441名(男性229名:平均年齢40歳，女性212名:同じく41歳)を対象に，過去においてネパールのほかの地区で行ってきた調査と同一方法を用いて医学，栄養学，形態・体力学的調査を行い，血圧関連要因について検討した。1)Mustang地区住民の血圧は明らかに低値を示し，男性の平均値は127/83mmHg，女性では124/80mmHgであった。境界域高血圧を含めた高血圧の頻度は，男性が25.1%，女性では20.5%であった。2)推定尿中Na排泄量はネパール調査の他の地区と大きな差がなく，平均値は男性248，女性225mEq/dayであり，尿中K排泄量は68および63mEq/dayであった。3)Mustang地区住民は蕎麦を主食として摂取していた。4)尿中K排泄量には蕎麦が有意に正に関わっていた。5)血圧関連因子として，これまでわれわれが報告してきたように，年齢のほかに肥満度や食塩摂取量が有意に正に関与したが，尿中K排泄量も強く負に関与しており，蕎麦との関わりが示唆された。

塩茶を常飲し蕎麦を主食とするネパール山岳地住民における血圧関連要因の検討

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