ヒト卵胞の成熟、排卵過程におけるステロイド生合成機能と組織構造

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Steroid hormone biosynthesis by human ovarian follicles in vitro over a period of follicular maturation and ovulation was studied in the light of follicle morphology. The largest follicle was isolated from each of the five ovaries removed at various stages in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle from patients who were undergoing surgery for carcinoma of the uterus. Slices of each follicle tissue were incubated with 50μCi of acetate-1-14C in Hanks's solution for 3 hours at 37°C under the gas phase of 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide. A portion of the follicle was subjected to histological examination. Incorporation of radioactive acetate into pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, estrone and estradiol-17β were assessed by a reverse isotope dilution technique with recrystallization to constant specific activity. Although a minimum amount of incorporation of radioactive acetate into progestogens and estrogens was identified, androstenedione was the only major product in a less matured follicle which had a moderate proliferation granulosa cells and a relatively small thecal cell. On the other hand, the predominant incorporation into estrone and estradiol-17β with a concomitant slight increase in the incorporation into progestogens was observed in a mature follicle as judged by its histology with marked proliferation of granulosa cells and regularly arranged nuclei in the elongated basal granulosa cells. Progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone were the major steroidal products in the two preovulatory follicles. These were characterized by granulosa cells tending to be ovoidal in shape with a relatively abundant cytoplasm, a slight swelling of the thecal cells and hyperemia in the thecal layer, although these morphological features differed from each other to a considerable degree. In the follicle just prior to rupture, as evidenced histologically by the indistinguishable border between granulosa and thecal layer, and the contracted thecal cells sparsely scattered in surrounding hemorrhage, only progesterone preserved a relatively high production. On the other hand, 17a-hydroxyprogesterone showed a distinct decrease, and the production of androgens and estrogens were severely interrupted in this follicle. The role of the granulosa and thecal cells is discussed in relation to the above described changes in steroidogenesis.
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ヒト卵胞の成熟、排卵過程におけるステロイド生合成機能と組織構造

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