Effect of Aminoguanidine on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Small Intestine

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Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). During intestinal I/R, the amount of nitric oxide (NO), which is a ROS, is increased. In this study, we examined the protection against I/R injury by inhibition of NO generation. Wistar/ST rats were exposed to 1 h of ischemia, followed by reperfusion for 4 h. The rats were intravenously injected with 100 mg/kg aminoguanidine (AG), which is a selective inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, for 5 min before ischemia. The increase in NO2− by intestinal I/R was significantly inhibited by AG 1 h after reperfusion. Moreover, the increase in area under curve of 0 to 1 h after reperfusion (AUC0—1) of paracellular marker was inhibited. However, 3 h after reperfusion, the survival ratio of rats was significantly decreased in the intestinal I/R condition with AG. The amount of NO2− and AUC of 3 to 4 h after reperfusion (AUC3—4) of paracellular marker in intestinal I/R groups were increased by AG compared with those in the I/R condition without AG 3 h after reperfusion. These data indicated that AG, which was given by single pre-administration, can clearly inhibit intestinal I/R injury 1 h after reperfusion. However, the injury occurs again 3 h after reperfusion and grows worse.