嫌気性微生物を用いるセルロ-スの分解

概要

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Cultivation conditions of anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria of rumen and compost-heap were investigated with a view to utilizing cellulosic materials. Of the rumen bacteria investigated, Ruminococcus albus was the most excellent in cellulose digestibility and productivity. This anaerobe digested 10g cellulose/l within 48 hr and produced 1.4g dry cells/l, 2.8g acetic acid/l and 2.6g ethanol/l. On the other hand, the anaerobic cellulolytic bacterium which was isolated from compost-heap was a thermophilic (optimum temperature, 60°C), gram-negative, terminally sporing, motile rod (0.3 by 4μm). It required sodium carbonate and the growth was stimulated with rumen fluid. In addition to cellulose, it utilized D-glucose, D-xylose and cellobiose. Characteristics of this anaerobe were quite similar to those of Clostridium thermocellum. Rate of cellulose digestion by this anaerobe was very high.
社団法人日本農芸化学会の論文