小学生の歯の健康状態と食生活・体力との関連性--齲歯数・咀嚼能率

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近年，家庭での歯の健康管理への意識も高く，児童の齲歯罹患率は，減少傾向にある。しかし，一方で，食の多様化，食品加工・調理技術の発達によって，食事の咀嚼回数が減少し，咀嚼能率の退化を招いている。そこで，児童の歯の健康状態と生活習慣との関係を把握し，適切で効果的な指導を模索することを目的として本研究を行った。児童の歯の健康状態を把握するために，齲歯数と咀嚼能率の測定を行った。また，朝食・間食の質問紙調査及び体力測定を行い，解析した。その結果，齲歯の経験本数の多い群では，低学年において間食の摂取回数が多かった。また，「朝食の栄養バランス」の良い児童は，そうでない児童と比較して，齲歯の経験本数が少なく，咀嚼能率が高かった。さらに，咀嚼能率の高い児童は，体力測定の結果も運動能力が高いという結果が得られた。朝食や間食など，児童の食生活への配慮は，児童の歯の健康とも関連があると推測される。児童の歯の健康のために，よりよい食習慣を確立することの重要性が示唆された。The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of dental health status with dietary life and physical fitness in the primary school children. We measured the chewing ability using the gum method and conducted three-day snack records as well as questionnaire about breakfast. The number of cavities detected by dental examination and the results of physical fitness test in the periodic examination were analyzed. The outcomes were as follows: 1. The number of times of snack intake and the frequency of cookies within three days were significantly higher in the girls group than in the boys group. Among children from the fourth to sixth grades, the number of times of snack intake by children with more dental cavities was significantly greater than those with less dental cavities. 2. In the breakfast, when children ate all of three categories of food groups (protein source, energy source, and vitamin and mineral source), we considered that the nutritional balance was good. Significant differences in the number of dental cavities were observed between children who ate three categories of foods and those who ate two categories of foods in the breakfast. Moreover, there were significant differences in the chewing ability between children who ate three categories of foods and those who ate only one category of food. This indicated that children who ate breakfast with good nutritional balance had good dental health. 3. The physical fitness of children with higher chewing ability was significantly higher in terms of grip strength, shuttle run, 50-m sprint and the standing broad jump among children of lower grades and in terms of the repeat lateral skip among children of higher grades than those with lower chewing ability.
2008-02-00

小学生の歯の健康状態と食生活・体力との関連性--齲歯数・咀嚼能率

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