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An ion can migrate against its concentration gradient because ionic flux in a mixed electrolyte solution is driven not only by the concentration gradient, but also by the electric potential gradient. Therefore, reverse permeation can occur when ionic flux driven by the electric force is large enough and is in the opposite direction, just as in a reverse diffusion reported for the HCl-CaCl_2-H_2O ternary system. In the present work ternary systems which contain two kinds of cations and one kind of anion, such as HCl-CaCl_2-H_2O, NaCl-CaCl_2-H_2O, HCl-KCl-H_2O, and KCl-NaCl-H_2O, were studied, and reverse permeation across the cellulose membrane was experimentally observed for both H^+ containing systems and non-containing systems. It was concluded that the reverse permeation could occur easily when the mobility of coexisting ions is largely different and the effect of diffusion potential was pronounced. A liner relation between the permeability coefficient and the ratio of concentration gradients, as expected from the theory, was also verified experimentally, but the gradient of the straight line was different from the theoretical values calculated from nonequilibrium thermodynamics. In order to examine the permeation process more precisely, variation of permeation with time was studied for the HCl-KCl-H_2O ternary system by using the cells with stirring. It was thus concluded that the reverse permeation was a transient phenomenon and that the permeability coefficients agreed well with theoretical values.
公益社団法人日本薬学会の論文
1978-07-25

セルロース膜におけるイオンの逆透過

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