精神発達遅滞児の静的バランス能力

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Numerous studies have disclosed significant relationships between balance ability and central nervous system functioning of children. These studies report that balance ability can be an important neurological indication relating to the developmental functioning of children. Along this line, many researchers are interested in balance ability of motor functioning in retarded children. It is well recognized that mentally retarded children tend to show poor motor functioning, especially, in balance ability. However, a developmental mechanism of static balance ability in this population remains unexplored. The purpose of this study was to investigate characteristics of static balance ability in mentally retarded children. One hundred and six retarded children ranging in age from 6 to 18 years with a mean of 14.9 years were selected from special schools as subjects. These children were divided into five groups: mentally retarded, autistic, epileptic, Down's syndrome, and cerebral palsied. All subjects were capable of upright standing posture for 20 seconds. Static balance ability of these children was measured by using the Gravicored which records gravity change of body sway at standing position with both legs. Major findings were as follows:(1) All subjects showed significant delay in overall balance abilities in comparison with non-retarded children of the same age.(2) Autistic, epileptic, and cerebral palsied children showed significantly less static balance ability than mentally retarded children.(3) Autistic, epileptic and cerebral palsied children showed no significant differences in their static balance ability, while mentally retarded and Down's syndrome children showed a significant difference in their static balance ability. These researchers conclude that mentally retarded children possess delayed motor characteristics which differ from those of autistic and cerebral palsied children.
横浜国立大学の論文
1988-10-31

精神発達遅滞児の静的バランス能力

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