Exercise habits during high school days and calcaneal bone density in college students

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Exercise has important effects on skeletal mineralization. Changes in bone stiffness as measured by ultrasound densitometry were investigated in 514 university students (236 males and 278 females). The subjects were divided into the following three groups ; 1) those who participated in sport-club activity during both junior and senior high school days (6A), 2) those who participated in sport-club activity during either junior or senior high days (3A), and those who experienced no regular physical activities during high school days (NA). In males, bone stiffness was 11.4 and 16.5% higher (P<0.001) in the 6A than in the 3A and NA, respectively. The corresponding value for females was 13 and 16.8% (P<0.001), respectively. A significant difference (P<0.05) was also found between the 3A and NA in both male and female subjects. The same tendency was found in the muscle strengths of knee extensors. However, a significant correlation between the bone stiffness and the muscle strength was found in only females but not in males. Higher values were seen in soccer, track & field, and Judo athletes while lower values were in Kendo and swimming athletes. These data indicate that athletes involved in sports producing significant impact loading on the skeleton had greater bone stiffness, than athletes in sports producing loads to bone primarily through muscular contraction. The present study clearly demonstrated that habitual physical activity during growth and adolescence is important in maximizing adults peak bone mass which is an important means of minimizing the future risk for significant osteoporosis.
中京大学の論文
1996-06-28

Exercise habits during high school days and calcaneal bone density in college students

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