Effect of γ-Linolenic Acid (GLA) or Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) on Tight Junction Permeability in Intestinal Monolayer Cells

概要

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids have been characterized as immunonutrients, however the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or γ-linolenic acid (GLA) on intestinal permeability has rarely been reported, Confluent Caco-2 cells on porous filter were used to measure tight junction function by fluorescein sulfonic acid (FS) permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Treatment of 0, 10, 50, 100 , μM of DHA or GLA during 24 hours were compared. Then, effects of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, antioxidant), H7 (protein kinase C antagonist), or inhibitors of enzymatic degradation to the eicosanoids, indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor), AA861 (lipoxygenase inhibitor) on DHA or GLA were examined. GLA and DHA enhanced FS permeability to 8.7 and 1.4 fold and lowered TEER to 0.52 and 0.73 fold vs. control with concentration dependently without cell injury (p<0.01-0.05). IND and AA861 enhanced the changes mediated by GLA but did not alter DHA effect. BHT was ineffective. H7 facilitated the changes mediated by GLA, DHA, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). It is indicated that the mechanism to change tight junction permeability via protein kinase C regulation is common but via eicosanoids formation is different among GLA, DHA and EPA. In conclusion, GLA and DHA affect tight junction permeability in intestinal monolayer cells specifically and concentration dependently.
神戸大学の論文
2001-11-30