小児気管支喘息に及ぼす生活要因に関する研究(第1報) : 東大阪市内の小学生を対象とした調査研究

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われわれは学校及び家庭での保健指導に資するため,喘息被患者率の高い東大阪市を選定し,市内の40小学校のうち無作為に抽出した5校に在学する小児気管支喘息被患者を対象として1972年から病状経過と生活要因に関する追跡を行なっている。今回はその生活実態,生活環境条件などと重症度との関係について検討し,以下の結果を得た。1.気管の刺激(におい,煙,砂ぼこり)と重症度とに関係があり,発作は,軽症では夕方～晩に多く,重症では夜半～朝が多かった。又,季節的には秋から冬にピークがみられ,小児気管支喘息児の48.7%は日常生活に支障を訴えていた。2.性格特性は神経質な者が多く,友達づきあいの悪い者が39.2%いた。又,治療は対症療法だけに終っている者が多かった。3.喘息に対する母親の知識は乏しく発作に対する注意としても精神面の配慮は極めて少なかった。又,親子関係テストでは健康に関する事項と身辺に関する事項に問題傾向を持つ者が多かった。In order to know adequate guidance of children's health in schools and homes, 5 schools were randomly chosen from 40 primary schools in Higashiosaka city, where the high diseases rates of Asthma Branchiale were registered. Of 112 pupils inflicated with asthma, who enrolled in these schools since 1972, seriousness of the diseases was longitudinally examined in relation to the actual living conditions and environmental conditions. The followings are the main results so far obtained. 1. About 49% of the asthmatic pupils complained of difficulties in their daily lives. Many of them showed nervous characters, and 39.2% pupils were recognized to have no in good relation with their friends. 2. About 60% of the asthmatic pupils live in humid places. 3. Seriousness of their diseases were observed to have some relations with the tracheal stimuli (odor, smoke, sand dust). As to the disease asthmatic fit, light case appeared more frequently from the evening to the next early morning, but its heavy case was found to occur often from the midnight to the morning. Occurrence of the fit was also differed seasonally, i.e, it was observed most frequently during the period from autum to winter. 4. Many of the asthmatic pupils were recieved only allopathic treatment. 5. From the answer of the mothers on asthmatic diseases it is known that many of them believe in that asthma is a genetic disease, and in that the asthma of children will be cured as the children get older although it can never be cured by any medical treatments. Only a very few mothers mention about the importance of mental precautions for asthmatic fit. 6. It is apparent that the mothers who have a child with asthma have always anxious feeling about fostering of their child. Their mothers seem to have such tendency that their main cares focus on health and environment of their living but not on the children's mental problem and on the establishment of good relation between mother and child.
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小児気管支喘息に及ぼす生活要因に関する研究(第1報) : 東大阪市内の小学生を対象とした調査研究

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