Comparative study of aminoglycoside ototoxicity.

概要

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Changes in the vestibular organs caused by Gentamicin (GM), Tobramycin (TOB) and Netilmicin (NTL) were compared in guinea pigs.Fifty mg/kg of GM, TOB or NTL was injected daily for 30 days. Other groups received 75 or 100mg/kg per day for 18 days. The guinea pigs were sacrificed 4 weeks after the first injection.The vestibular sensory epithelium was examined by scanning electron microscopy. In the animals which had received 75mg/kg of GM or TOB damage to the sensory hairs was visible. The changes started from the macular striola and the central part of the crista ampullaris. NTL, however, caused only minimum change. In the animals receiving 100mg/kg of GM or TOB, the damage was more severe. Type I sensory cells were particularly vulnerable, and several were missing not only in the striola region, but also in the periphery. However, type II cells remained intact. Animals injected with 100mg/kg of NTL had only mild changes in the macular striola and the center of the crista. It therefore seems that NTL has less ototoxicity than other aminoglycosides.