カ-ネ-ションの紫赤色花における新しいアントシアニンの同定と分布

概要

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The anthocyanin in the purplish-red flowers of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) has been considered for many years as cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy 3-G). However, from chromatographic studies on the flower color in carnation, we previously found that the major anthocyanin was not Cy 3-G but an acylated one attached to an unknown organic acid.In the present studies, we have isolated and crystallized this anthocyanin from purplish-red flowers of carnation and analyzed it by chemical and spectroscopic means. This pigment was identified as cyanidin 3-malylglucoside (Cy 3-MG). Furthermore, by means of direct chromatographic comparison with this pigment, it was also found that Cy 3-MG was widely present in the purplish-red flower cultivars and in the same color hybrids which were obtained from intervarietal crossing of carnations.In addition, we have recently identified another anthocyanin, peralgonidin 3-malylglucoside (Pg3-MG) from a red flower carnation cultivar. Therefore, these results strongly suggest that malylation of anthocyanin is characteristic in the flowers of carnation.