センブリ,ムラサキセンブリおよびその種間雑種の細胞遺伝学的研究

概要

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The chromosome numbers of Swertia japonica MAKINO and of Swertia pseudochinensis HARA (Gentianaceae), which have been used as bitter stomachics in Japan, were both shown to be 2n = 20. In meiotic metaphase-I of pollen mother cells, the former plant showed one quadrivalent and 8 bivalent chromosomes in most of the cells, suggesting the presence of chromosomal interchange, while the latter always showed 10 bivalents. In F_1 hybrid between the two species, 58% of the pollen mother cells formed 10 bivalents, while 48% of the cells showed the presence of 2 or 4 univalents caused by the failure of pairing of hetero- morphic chromosomes. This may account for the high rate of pollen sterility observed in the F_1 hybrid. However it does not fully account for the complete seed sterility; it may partly be due to certain physiological disturbance in the reproductive function of F_1 plant. The univalent chromosomes and seed sterility observed in F_1 hybrid, suggest that those two patental plants, having very similar morphological and chemical characteristics, are of different species.
日本生薬学会の論文
1981-09-20