Toxicity of Fire Decomposition Products of New Fire Extinguishing Agent, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3-Heptafluoropropane

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Because of itis strong ozone-depleting property, the use of bromotrifluoromethane (CF_3Br, Halon 1301) has been banned as a fire extinguishing agent since the first day of 1994. Trifluorometrane(CHF_3), 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3-heptafluoropropane (C_3HF_7, HFP) and ather fluorocarbons have been developed as possible replacements for CH_3Br. All of these have an ozone-deplenting coefficient of zero and they do not contain bromine or chlorine. CHF_3 and HFP are both now commercially available and are in use in Japan. The alternative substances themselves are not toxic. In HFP, for example, the Lc_<50> in rats was more than 80%, cardio-sensitization in dogs did not occur at HFP concentrations of 9%, no health effects were observed in rats at exposure concentration of 10.5% in a 90-day exposure experiment, and the mutagenicity in both bacteria and mammlian cells was negative^<1, 2>. They are, however, less effisient fire extinguishants, they need higher minimal design concentrations for fire type, fire size, and discharge time. The important toxic decomposition products are fluoride (F_2), hydrogen fluoride (HF) and carbonyl fluride (COF_2). Fire fighters and victims of a fire may potentially inhale these toxic agents. In this study, we have tried to gather basic information regarding the inhalation toxicity of HFP decomposition products in animal inhalation experiments.
社団法人日本産業衛生学会の論文