Frequency of Prenatal X-Ray Examination and Radiation Risks in Japan

概要

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Frequency of prenatal X-ray examination in 1,701 parturient women was surveyed in 19 Japanese hospitals in 1974. Of 1,701 women, 470 or 27.6% have received maternal X-ray examination during the pregnant period. There is no significant difference in frequency of prenatal X-rays between in the primipara and multipara. Chest examination was frequent in the 3rd to 6th month of gestation, while a pelvimetric study was performed mainly after the 10th month. About 82% of the fetal dose was contributed from a prenatal pelvimetric study. The fetus receives averagedly 202 mrad of radiation from the prenatal X-ray examinations. It is calculated that about 6.5 leukemias may be induced yearly by maternal X-ray. This corresponds to about 1% of leukemias in the same generation. X-ray examination of the abdomen or pelvis in pregnant women may frequently signify whole-body irradiation for a fetus. Also it is widely known that a fetus is extremely radiosensitive. Therefore, the ICRP, Japan Radiological Society, and Japanese Medical Association have recommended to protect satisfactorily a fetus from ionizing radiation in the maternal X-ray examination particularly of the abdomen and pelvis. However, at the present time, the level of the fetal dose is not necessarily well known. In this paper, the results of a survey on frequency of in utero irradiation and risk estimation are described.
日本放射線影響学会の論文