「異文化間教育心理学の課題と展望」

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After chairman Matsubara introduced the speakers and the discussants, Prof. Hoshino explained the purpose of the symposium, pointing out the importance of Intercultural aspects of educatinal practices, and the researches already achieved and those that will be made in the future, followed by presentations of each speaker. Prof.Usui raised three issues to be discussed:(1)valid measures to be applied on a cross-cultural level, (2)different perceptions between urban and rural mothers on the same testing tasks, and (3)different cultural values expressed by Japanese and American mothers on the cognitive styles of their children. Prof.Saito laid an emphasis on the necessity of a valid study of any new concept and program developed in other cultures in a comparison between "universalism" and "particularism", in reference to the different ways of education and training in the West and Japan. He criticized an easy-going "universalistic" approach as having no particular context in psychological study. Prof.Ohama introduced briefly the significance of her own study on bi-lingualism of the Japanese children in the west(U.S., Canada, Australia, France), in reference to a study by Piaget on Children's view of their own nation and people in 1951, pointing out the necessity of a cross-cultural comparison of children's cognitive and affective development in terms of reversibility of viewpoints by each particular research. Prof.Jimbo first pointed out a social responsibility on educational psychologist toward a betterment of the "Guidelines for school teaching and learning" based on a study of Japanese children overseas where educational effort for children's creativity and uniqueness were not actually emphasized here. He also pointed out the importance of "learning by doing"as a teaching method to be applied by Japanese teachers having less experience. He referred to his own work(interviewing)done for maladjusted Japanese residing overseas needing counseling services by a professional mental health worker. Prof.Hoshino, following Prof.Jimbo put an emphasis on Intercultural Counseling and education for International understanding as new tasks in educational psychology;among other problems he elaborated on the career development(or vocational socialization)in intercultural perspectives. He also pointed out the possibility of a study on educationg a "global person" or "multi-caltural person" rather than forming a "various nation-oriented or nationalistic person" in terms of cultural experience achieved by children themselves. He denied an easy-going comparative study simply by the difference of an intercultural study penetrating more deeply into the cultural contex and meaning. Prof.Yokoshima reported his own study on "school transfer children" as having many adjustment problems and positive consequences similar to those of overseas Japanese children. He emphasized that a study has to be done at length with those children. Prof.Kajita reacted to the comments made by Prof.Hoshino, supporting cross-cultural "comparison" and "internationalism" implemented by national tradition and contribution. A discussion followed and comments were made by the speakers and other participants on the floor: Mr.Watanabe, Mr.Shigehisa, Ms.O.Frances and others.
日本教育心理学会の論文
1983-03-30

「異文化間教育心理学の課題と展望」

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