<SESSION>NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION AND CHROMOSOME ABERRATION INDUCED BY TRITIATED WATER IN GOLDEN HAMSTER EMBRYO CELLS

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Using cultured golden hamster embryo (GHE) cells, we examined the induction of cell killing, neoplastic transformation and chromosome aberration by exposure to tritiated water (HTO) and compared its biological effectiveness with those of X-or ^<60>Co γ-rays and fission neutrons from ^<252>Cf. X- and γ-rays showed similar dose-response curves for cell survival and transformation. The cells irradiated with these radiations in ice-cold condition were much more sensitive for the induction of cell killing and transformation than those exposed at 37℃. A similar temperature dependency was observed with HTO treatment, although the effect of HTO was higher for cell killing but lower for transformation than tose of X- and γ-rays. On the other hand, fission neutrons were much more effective for the induction of both the cell killing and transformation in either warm or cold condition. The cells treated with HTO produced more chromosome aberrations than those exposed to X-rays. In the cells survived after exposure, however, X-irradiated cells showed higher frequency of trisomy and monosomy than HTO treated cells. From these data, we conclude that the biological reaction of β-rays from HTO is not similar to those of X- or γ-rays and neutrons.
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