高齢者の日常生活に必要な能力を評価する項目の選定 : 共助による普及を目指して

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It is a wish of all to get old healthfully. However, in recent years the number of people whoneed care increases rapidly in Japan. It is important for older adults to improve and maintainhealth condition and physical fitness by means of daily physical activities and exercise. Thereforeit is necessary to grasp an individual state of what kind of training we should give. At the sametime, the spread of physical fitness tests will be possible by selecting the test items with whicholder adults can measure their fitness without having any particular knowledge of physical fitnesstests.PURPOSE: The aim of the present study is to establish the physical fitness tests and aim at thespread of them through mutual assistance, for evaluating abilities required for activities of dailyliving in community-dwelling older adults.METHODS: The subjects were ６７７ community-dwelling older adults（２２０ men and ４４８ women,age＝６７．７＋／−６．３yrs），who could move freely without any walking devices, aged ６０ to ８６years.The following nine-item tests encompassing activities of daily living were given to them: gripstrength，３０-sec chair stand test, tandem, one leg with eyes open, functional reach test, timed up& go, sit and reach，１０ m maximal walking time and maximal step. These items were selectedfrom the following viewpoint: the test-retest reliability of each item, the ease of the instrumentation,the utility such as the economy and the safety, the item which was used for evaluation forthe older adults until now. Factor analysis with Normal Promax Criterion was applied to the data.RESULTS: As a result of excluding the test items which did not have correlations with the agefrom those extracted by factor analysis, the following test items were selected: maximal step, oneleg with eyes open and 10m maximal walking time in older men; timed up & go, grip strength,one leg with eyes open in older women; timed up & go, grip strength, one leg with eyes open inin older adults.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that three-item tests（timed up & go, gripstrength, one leg with eyes open）could evaluate abilities required for activities of daily living incommunity-dwelling older adults. These tests will spread for the reason of the simplicity, theeconomy and the safety. They will also spread because older adults can do them by themselves.

高齢者の日常生活に必要な能力を評価する項目の選定 : 共助による普及を目指して

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