47. アーバスキュラー菌根菌の宿主認識シグナル物質のミヤコグサ根分泌物からの精製

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Very little is known about the molecular mechanisms governing signaling and recognition between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and host plants. The hyphae of AM fungi extensively branch in the vicinity of host roots prior to appressorium formation. This differential hyphal morphogenesis is regarded as a host recognition response of AM fungi. Low-molecular-weight lipophilic compounds exuded from roots have been shown to elicit hyphal branching. However, the hyphal branching-stimulating compounds, called "branching factors", have not been isolated. In order to fully understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the signaling and recognition events in AM symbiosis, we have recently started to isolate and identify the branching factors from root exudates of the model legume Lotus japonicus. Plants were grown hydroponically in a M medium. The hydroponic solution was passed through a Diaion HP-20 column, and lipophilic compounds adsorbed on the resin were eluted with methanol or acetone. This eluate was concentrated in vacuo, and the resulting aqueous concentrate was extracted with ethyl acetate. Hyphal branching-stimulating activity of the ethyl acetate extract was tested using a microinjection bioassay with some modifications. In the modified bioassay, a test sample solution was applied to a 6 mm paper disc, and the disc was placed in front of a growing hyphal tip of Gigaspora margarita. The ethyl acetate extract elicited strong hyphal branching at 1.9 microgram/disc. Bioassay-guided purification of the extract by repeated column chromatography over silica gel and ODS resulted in the isolation of a semi-purified fraction that showed activity at less than 25 nanogram/disc.
植物化学調節学会の論文
2003-10-10

47. アーバスキュラー菌根菌の宿主認識シグナル物質のミヤコグサ根分泌物からの精製

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