Studies on Saline Soils in Khon Kaen Region, Northeast Thailand : IV. Effect of Chemical and Physical Properties of Saline Soils on Microorganisms

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概要

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• The microbial characteristic s of saline soils in Northeast Thailand were investigated with special reference to the influence of the sodic properties of soils and the Savannah climate. Total microbial numbers in the saline soils were constantly smaller than those in the Japanese soil ( Anjo soil). The wide fluctuations of soil salinity did not affect the microbial numbers. Gram-negative bacteria and spore-forming bacteria showed seasonal changes and the ratio of the Gram-negative bacteria to the total microorganisms was lower in the dry seasons than in the rainy season. In contrast, the ratio of spore-forming bacteria was higher in the dry season than in the rainy season. The seasonal changes of the microflora in the saline soils were mainly attributed to the increase of free-form Gram-negative and attached-from spore-forming bacteria in the respective seasons. Attachment ratio of each microbial group to the soil particles showed seasonal fluctuations. It was especially variable in the case of the Gram-negative bacteria. Spore-forming bacteria maintained a high attachment ratio. Actinomycetes showed the lowest ratio among the microbial groups examined. Percolation experiment with a soil column was conducted to investigate the effect of clay dispersion on the microorganisms. At the beginning of percolation with a saline soil sampled in the dry season, a small volume of transparent solution was first leached out due to the high salinity, followed by the sudden dispersion of clay particles. The number of Gram-negative bacteria was negligibly small (<2 cells/ml) in the first transparent fraction. The ratio of microorganisms retained in the soil after percolation with 10 times (w/w) the amount of water was estimated to be 45-64% of the microorganisms in the original saline soil, and 86-97% in the Anjo soil, respectively. Incubation of the percolated saline soil at 30 for 1 week resulted in a remarkable increase in the microbial numbers, especially that of the Gram-negative bacteria, which suggested that the soil microflora in the dry season succeeded the microflora in the rainy season due to precipitation.

• 社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文

著者

• Adachi T

  Department Of Applied Physics Graduate School Of Engineering Tohoku University

• Adachi T

  Faculty Of Environmental Sciences And Technology Okayama University

• Kimura Makoto

  School Of Agriculture Nagoya University

• Murase Jun

  School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University

• Murase J

  Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University

• Murase Jun

  School Of Agricultural Sciences Nagoya University

• Kuwatsuka S

  Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University

• Kuwatsuka Shozo

  School Of Agriculture Nagoya University

• Topark-Ngarm Bubpha

  Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University

• Topark-Mgarm Bubpha

  Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University

• Adachi Tadashi

  School of Agnculture Okayama Umverstty

• Topark-ngarm Bubpha

  Faculty Of Agriculture Khon Kaen University

• Kimura Makoto

  School Of Agricultural Sciences Nagoya University

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