抗酸菌の分類学 : I. 抗酸菌属の定義

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Mycobacterium, Rhodococcus, and Nocardia have Type IV cell wall and similar guanine plus cytosine moles %. However, total number of carbons of mycolic acids of mycobacteria ranges from 60 to 90, and is larger than those of rhodococci and nocardiae, 30 to 66. These three genera are differentiated from each other by a number of biochemical and biological characteristics (Table 4). The principal pigment which occupies the major parts of carotenoids is different between Mycobacterium, and Rhodococcus and Nocardia. It is β-carotene in mycobacteria, while it is a substance showing similar absorption maxima with γ-carotene in rhodococci and nocardiae (Table 5). Rhodococcus has a sulfolipid which metabolizes rapidly and takes sulfur from methionine, while Nocardia has no such lipid (Table 6). The genus Mycobacterium is defined as follows: have Type IV cell wall; show guanine plus cytosine moles %, 62 to 70; total number of carbons of mycolic acids, 60 to 90; if some species contain pigments, the major part of pigments consists of β-carotene; organisms growing on egg media show strong acid-fastness; occur as rods or coccoids; do not form mycelium; non-motile; aerobic; have no endospore; have Gram-positive granules in the cell, but the cell itself is not stained by the Gram stain (in early stages of growth, the whole cells may be stained as black); show positive arylsulfatase; do not utilize sucrose as C source; growth rate is greatly different according to the species (growth after 3 days to 4 weeks). The genus Mycobacterium is divided into two subgenera (Table 4). The two subgenera are differentiated from each other not only by the growth rate but also by other several characteristics.
日本結核病学会の論文

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束村道雄
国立療養所中部病院

抗酸菌の分類学 : I. 抗酸菌属の定義

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