Changes in .BETA.-Carotene Levels by Long-Term Administration of Natural .BETA.-Carotene Derived from Dunaliella bardawil in Humans.

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Long-term administration of a β-carotene preparation de-rived from Dunaliella bardawil, a β-carotene-rich algae, was studied in healthy young male volunteers. The daily administration of 60mg of the β-carotene preparation (30mg of all-trans β-carotene and 30mg of 9-cis β-carotene) was performed and β-carotene concentrations were deter-mined in the plasma, red blood cells (RBC), platelets (PLT), and mononuclear cells (MN). The all-trans β-carotene level increased four-, two-, and threefold the baseline in plasma, PLT, and MN, respectively. Basal levels of 9-cis β-carotene in plasma, PLT, and MN were low and found as one-tenth, one-fifth, and one-fifth of all-trans β-carotene, which increased three-, two-, and 1.5-fold the baseline, respectively. Plasma and RBC α-tocopherol levels were not changed by the intake of β-carotene. No side effects or toxicities were documented in any of the subjects during the administration period. In conclusion, the bioavailability of β-carotene derived from Dunaliella bardawil was preferential for all-trans β-carotene, although a small amount of the 9-cis form was detected in the plasma and blood cells.