無機塩によるアサリ毒の変質

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In the previous paper the authors have shown that shell-fish poison “Venerupin”, found in the livers of short-neck clam and oyster in Hamana Lake, when added into sea water, cannot be recovered without effecting a serious loss. In the usual course of recovery the solution is evaporated on a water-bath at 60°C. But this cannot be considered as a primary cause, for the poison has been proved to be stable against heat. Thus the authors were led to the assumption that salt might be responsible for the loss of poison. In order to ascertain this a series of experiments were carried out with the following results. 1. When the shell-fish poison was added to 1-3% NaCI solution and recovered from it, 60% of the original toxicity was lost (Table 2, A). The loss of the poison was amounted to 80%, when recovered from 30% NaCI solution (Table 2, B). On the other hand the poison was recovered without any loss from the aqueous solution (Table 2, 0). 2. After the shell-fish poison was kept saturated with an excess of salt for two different periods, it was recovered by direct extraction with 99% MeOH. Thus it was avoided to evaporate up aqueous solution of the poison in the presence of NaCI. The toxicity was found to be considerably decreased even by a short contact with NaCI and the decrease became more and more pronounced on a prolonged contact (Table 3). 3. In order to avoid heating the poison in the presence of salt, the shell-fish poison was added to 5% saline solution and its toxicity was assayed without extracting the poison. No loss of the poison was observed if the poison was kept in the saline solution only for a short time, while decrease in toxicity was observed either on heating the solution at 100°C. for 30min., or on prolonged storage (over 3 days) of the solution (Table 4). 4. Salts caused loss of the poison in the following order, when it was recovered from dilute salt solutions (Table 5) Na2SO4, K2SO4>KCl>NaCl. 5. If the poison was ground with salts, diluted with water and assayed without being extracted, salts lowered toxicity of the poison in the order Na2SO4anhyd.>NaCl>K2SO4, K2SO4 having scarcely any effect (Table 6). 6. Na2SO4 showed such an intense effect that a definite loss of the poison was observed by mere dissolution of the poison in 5% Na2SO4 solution (Table 6 note***). As to the reason for decrease in toxicity caused by mere dissolving the poison in a dilutesalt solution, some physiological effect of salt on mice can be left out of consideration. Because the shell-fish poison is not of an acute nature, and because it was actually proved in the cases of NaCl (Table 3) and K2SO4 (Table 6) that injection of the poison together with a dilute salt solution did not necessarily cause decrease in toxicity.
公益社団法人日本水産学会の論文

無機塩によるアサリ毒の変質

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