Effect of single or chronic injection with a carbamate, propoxur, on the brain cholinergic system and behavior of mice.

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Propoxur, an anticholinesterase carbamate, was injected singly (10 mg/ kg, s.c.) or chronically (5 mg/kg/day, s.c., for 10 days) into mice. Animals were examined for effects on the cholinergic system in brain tissue and on behavior. Single injection caused an increase in brain acetylcholine (ACh) content at 10 and 60 min; and it caused decreases in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at 10, 60 and 180 min, high-affinity choline uptake into synaptosomes at 10 and 60 min, and [<SUP>3</SUP>H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) binding at 10 min without causing any change in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity. Open-field behavior and rotarod performance were depressed at 10 min and rectal temperature was decreased at 10, 60 and 120 min after a single injection. Chronic treatment caused decreases in high-affinity choline uptake and [<SUP>3</SUP>H]QNB binding 24 hr after the final injection without any changes in ACh content, AChE activity or ChAT activity. In behavioral tests conducted 10 min prior to daily administration, rotarod performance was slightly suppressed only during the period of injection. Although propoxur is considered to have effects similar to those of organophosphorus compounds, the changes observed in the present experiments seemed to be reversible.
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