Monte Carlo simulation of nematic liquid crystal in porous media : The topological constraint and surface anchoring effect(Knots and soft-matter physics: Topology of polymers and related topics in physics, mathematics and biology)
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概要
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多孔質に閉じ込められた系や不純物を含む凝縮系では、純粋な系に比べて様々な相転移現象が抑制されることが知られている。液晶における等方-ネマティック転移においても、多孔質中では不連続な一時転移を起こさなくなることが分かっている。しかしながら、液晶相は弾性的であり空間束縛を受けることにより弾性エネルギーが増大し配向欠陥が形成されるため、一般的な議論が用いることができない。例えば、この系では、外場によって平均的な配向方向を制御することができ、外場を除いた後もそれが保持されることが報告されている。これまで、不純物という形で閉じ込め効果を扱った研究した例はいくつかあったが、多孔質の構造そのものに注目したものはなく、どのように配向欠陥が束縛を受けるかなど明らかになっていない点も多く残っている。我々は様々な構造を持つ多孔質を用意し、それと配向欠陥のトポロジカルな構造との関係に着目し、メモリー効果を中心にそめ振舞いを調べた。相分離モデルを用いて双連結構造を用意し、その片方の相にLebwohl-Lasherポテンシャルで相互作用するスピンを導入し、モンテカルロシミュレーションを行った。また、図1は、双連結構造とその中に封入したネマティック液晶の配向欠陥なを図示したものである。十分にアニールしても、液晶相の配向欠陥は消失せず残ったままであった。この配向欠陥は一意に決まるものではなく、様々な配置状態を取りうるが、それらが熱的に状態遷移することはない。大きな外場を与えると、異なる欠陥構造を持つ局所安定状態に遷移するが、その後、外場を消しても配向欠陥のトポロジーは保持されるため、一時的に印加した外場の情報を「記憶」できることが分かった。また、キュービック相など秩序度の高い多孔質を用いることで、メモリー効果の効率が高くなることも示された。
- 2009-04-20
著者
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Tanaka Hajime
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Japan
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荒木 武昭
Department of Physics, Kyoto University
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Buscaglia Marco
Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotecnology, University of Milano
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Bellini Tommaso
Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotecnology, University of Milano
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Bellini Tommaso
Department Of Chemistry Biochemistry And Biotecnology University Of Milano
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荒木 武昭
Department Of Physics Kyoto University:institute Of Industrial Science University Of Tokyo
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Buscaglia Marco
Department Of Chemistry Biochemistry And Biotecnology University Of Milano
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Tanaka Hajime
Department Of Applied Physics Faculty Of Engineering University Of Tokyo
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Tanaka Hajime
Department Of Physics Kyoto University
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Tanaka Hajime
Department Of Applied Physics And Applied Mechanics Institute Of Industrial Science University Of To
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TANAKA HAJIME
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Utsunomiya University
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