生育場所に着目した北海道のシダ植物の胞子体の耐凍性

概要

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To understand the adaptation to the low temperatures in the life history of Pteridophyta, the freezing resistance was evaluated with the overwintering sporophytes of fifty-five species native to Hokkaido. Most fern species increased their hardiness from September to December and reached the maximum in December. Evergreen ferns had their maximum leaf hardiness ranging from -12.5℃ to -40℃, and the increase was much earlier and greater than that of the rhizome. Most summer-green ferns could not survive freezing in the leaf during October. The hardiness of the rhizome of the summer-green fern ranged from -5℃ to -40℃ in Hokkaido. Almost all fern species growing on the trunks of deciduous hardwoods and cliffs resisted freezing at -40℃. Many species growing on the floor of deciduous forest and in the humid and humus-rich dale had the hardiness ranging from -5℃ to -17.5℃. It is known that gametophytes of soem ferns tolerated freezing even at -40℃, while the sporophytes growing in the deciduous forest floor in Hokkaido survived freezing at the temperatures ranging from -5℃ to -17.5℃. Thus, the present evidence foresees the possibilities of wintering by means of gametophytes on the cliffs and the trunks, where it is extremely severe to winter in the state of sporophytes.
日本生態学会の論文
1981-06-30