カンキツの寒害防除に関する研究-1-温州ミカンの耐凍性,浸透濃度および糖含量の季節的変動

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In spite of many extensive studies there is still no clear explanation of what factors produce the condition of cold hardiness in such plants as the woody evergreens. Freezing resistance studies of leaves and shoots of Satsuma orange were made concurrently with microscopic and chromatographic observations during 1962 to 1965. The principal results were as follows:(1) An exposure of Satsuma orange trees to an air temperature of -7.5°C for 3 hours resulted in no leaf damage in January. On the other hand, temperatures near -3°C was found critical in late March as shown in Figure 1 and in Table 1.(2) Osmotic concentration of leaves generally increased during the autumn, reaching a maximum in January and February. Figure 2 shows the seasonal fluctuation of cold hardiness of leaves was associated considerably with that of osmotic concentration.(3) A significant negative correlation exists between osmotic concentration and water content of leaves as shown in Figure 2 and in Figure 3.(4) A marked decline in starch content of leaves in November was closely associated with the sugar increase as shown in Figure 4 and in Figure 5.(5) No seasonal trends in leaves were observed for polyhydric alcohol levels as shown in Figure 5.(6) Chromatograms of sugars from leaves showed fluctose, glucose, sucrose and raffinose as shown in Figure 6. Sucrose showed a marked increase in winter, though it decreased in October and November.
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