飛翔体環境科学

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Recent progress in the study of "Spacecraft Environment" is reviewed. Spacecraft Environment has recently attracted great interests both is space science and technology with the Space Station era now just ahead. The research has been promoted to meet the needs especially in the field of space technology to support the construction of the Space Station, but it includes a plenty of scientific subjects, as well. The main part of the research is on the interaction between a high speed object and surrounding space plasma. The experimental and theoretical investigations regarding spacecraft-plasma interactions have been performed since 1960's, but real progress started in 1980's since Space Shuttle was operated. Experiments aiming to study spacecraft environment have been carried out on Space Shuttle mission (OSS-1,Spacelab-2). The exsistence of secondary ion beams and electromagnetic turbulence surrounding the orbiter were found, and "Shuttle Glow" was investigated to a great extent. In Japan, the research has partially been performed in relation to active space experiments. A systematic study using an Environmental Diagnostic Package (EDP) designed for the investigation of spacecraft environment is now planned on Space Flyer Unit (SFU) which is to be launched early in 1990's. The instruments on SFU will be recovered and reused. This enables us to study the spacecraft environment repeatedly in different mission conditions, which can not be achieved by the conventional satellites. This program will be combined in future with the advancedspace technology experiments, such as robotnics experiment and tethered subsatellite experiment, offering an opportunity to investigate spatial regions around the spacecraft. In order to make a plan for EDP experiment, progress in the research field of spacecraft environment has been extensively reviewed. This report describes a summary of recent progress in several subjects in the fields of particle, electromagnetic and optical environment which are to be studied in the EDP first mission.
宇宙航空研究開発機構の論文

飛翔体環境科学

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