Study on Tube-Expanding by Drawing of Phosphor-Deoxidized Copper Tubes : Third Report : Relations between Tool Shapes and Changes in Wall-thickness
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The so-called "Tube Expanding" has been known as expanding tube-ends and joining them on the boiler drum, using a special tool called "expander". However, no papers, which treated the tube expanding in whole length with no appreciable scatters in wall-thickness, and its application to manufacturing of composite tubes seems to have been found. probably owing to the unsuitability of the tool to the described purposes. In an earlier work of the author, the phosphor-deoxidized copper tubes were expanded in whole length by drawing with specially prepared plugs equipped on mandrel-bars. After being expanded, changes in mean wall-thickness, scatters in eccentricity and changes in final tube-length were carefully examined. The results had led to the conclusion that, irrespective of the temper of the starting tube, the wallthickness scatters would become more eminent along tube-circumference as well as along tube-length, so far as the tube was thus expanded. In the present paper, however, results of experiments using four newly prepared mandrels (one-body bar and plug), each having different taper, have been shown for obtaining further optimal expanding conditions. And the results have been summarized follows. (1) Under a fixed value of 5.4% in external expand-ratio with plug taper of 6°, the stable expanding with little wallthickness scatters has been confirmed. The scatters were found increased when a plug taper of 13° was used and become further more as it became 20° and 30°. In particular, with taper of 30° the part of circumferential wallthickness sometimes increases. (2) The expanding force was found increased with increasing plug-taper. (3) The length of the expanded tube was found decreased with decreasing plug-taper.
- 東海大学の論文
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