石灰藻およびコンブの放射化分析,および生物中の元素分布の規則性〔海産生物の放射化分析-1-〕

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Contents of 26 elements in calcareous algae and Laminariales were determined by the neutron activation analysis. The logrithm of the ratio of elemental concentration of most elements in the organisms to that in seawater, log (c1/c0), was found to be linear to four parameters (electronegativity, logrithm of the ratio of elemental concentration in earth crust to that in seawater, log (c2/c0), residence time of elements in the Oceans and biological half time for human), where c0, c1 and c2 are the elemental concentration in seawater, organisms (in air-dried samples) and earths crust respectively in ppm. This regularity is observed both in each value and geometrical mean of elemental constitution of six organisms (bacteria, fungi, algae, angiosperms, pisces and mammals), cited from various references and also parts of mammals (muscle, bone, liver and blood-plasma). The linear relationship can be explained by the distribution equilibrium of elements between solid and liquid phases. Organisms accumulate predominate elements in organisms and heavy metals to a higher concentration than the values calculated from the straight line. Organisms syntheses cellulose, proteins and nuclear acids from the elements with logarithm of the ion potential, log I, larger than 0.95 (Cu, N and P), make enzymes from those with log I between 0.35 and 0.95 (Cu, Zn and Fe), but are poisoned by those with log I smaller than 0.35 (Hg, Cd and Pb).
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