微水系生体触媒反応

概要

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A novel concept microaqueous (neither aqueous nor anhydrous, nonaqueous) is proposed in order to emphasize the importance of water for bio-catalysts in organic solvents and in order to cover all possible states of biocatalyst utillization in organic solvents. Optimal control of moisture content is the keystone of microaqueous Biocatalysis system because water affects not only reaction rate and selectivity of product but also stability of biocatalyst. Biocatalysts exist in microaqueous organic solvents as solubilized, fine powder suspended, immobilized in wet particle, contained in reversed micelle, solubilized by binding with polyethylene glycol, wet micribial cells suspended and so on. Microaqueous biocatalysis systems are beneficial to biochemical reactions involving water-insoluble substrates, to synthetic reactions catalyzed by reversed action of hydrolytic enzymes, to transfer reactions (e. g. transglycosylation, transpeptidylation, transesterification, transphosphatidylation, etc) by hydrolytic enzymes, and so forth. States of water in the microaqueous organic solvent is discussed. Configurations of microaqueous bioreactors and moisture sensors for both monitoring and control are also reviewed.
社団法人日本油化学会の論文