Risk of Death due to Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Smokers and Ex-smokers. Univariate Analysis of JACC Study Data
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概要
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Hazard ratios (HR) of death due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were analyzed by gender and age strata (40-59 and 60-79) among smokers and ex-smokers in 65, 528 eligible subjects from a large cohort of males and females aged 40-79 years, based on information about several smoking-related characteristics. Both current smokers and ex-smokers among total older males had hazard ratios (HR) for dying from HCC that were 2 to 4 times higher than those who had never smoked at the baseline survey. When subjects were restricted to those without history of liver disease (LD), older male (60-79) ex-smokers presented a statistically significant HR of 5.0. Earlier age at start of smoking (15 to 19) showed a significantly increased HR of 4 to 8 for both current and ex-smokers. Moderate number of cigarettes smoked per day showed an increased HR, and later age at cessation of smoking had a higher HR compared to earlier cessation. Larger cumulative amount of smoking resulted in an elevated HR of 11 times than in those who had never smoked. Cigarette smoking was suggested to be an important risk factor for death from HCC regardless of whether the smoking habit was in the past or was continuing at present. To eliminate confounding effects and interaction with other risk factors of HCC and to clarify the net association between smoking habits and HOC, farther careful analysis using multivariate models is needed.
- 久留米大学医学部 The Kurume Medical Journal 編集部の論文
著者
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Ogimoto Itsuro
Department Of Clinical Epidemiology Institute Of Industrial Ecological Science University Of Occupat
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IWAI Nobuo
Chugoku Occupational Health Association
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NOSE Takayuki
Division of Health Administration and Promotion, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
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Tamakoshi Akiko
Department Of Clinical Trials National Center For Geriatrics And Gerontology
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Kurozawa Youichi
Division Of Health Administration And Promotion Department Of Social Medicine Faculty Of Medicine To
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Yoshimura Takesumi
Department Of Clinical Epidemiology Institute Of Industrial Ecological Science University Of Occupat
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Suzuki Hiroshi
Department Of Allergy And Immunology National Research Institute For Child Health & Development
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Fujita Yuki
Department Of Chemistry And Biochemistry Graduate School Of Engineering Kyushu University
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Ichikawa Shoko
Department Of Applied Chemistry Tokyo University Of Science Yamaguchi
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Sakata Ritsu
Department Of Epidemiology Radiation Effects Research Foundation
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SHIBATA AKIRA
Department of Public Health, Kurume University School of Medicine
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OGIMOTO ITSURO
Department of Public Health, Kurume University School of Medicine
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Shibata Akira
Department 1st Internal Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine
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FUKUDA KATSUHIRO
Department of Community Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge
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NOSE TAKAYUKI
Division of Health Administration and Promotion, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
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YOSHIMURA TAKESUMI
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial and Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health
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Yoshimura Takesumi
Department of Clinical Epidemiology
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ICHIKAWA SHOKO
Department of Public Health, Kurume University School of Medicine
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