Experimental Studies on Permeability of the Pulmonary Capillary

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THE rate of passage of substance across the capillary wall measured in terms of increased quantity (ds) passing through during a period of time (dt) is directly proportional to the area (A) of the wall, the driving force between the inside (Ci) and the outside (Co) of the capillaries, and the diffusion constant (K) for the substance, and is inversely proportional to the thickness (θ).ds/dt=A/θ(Ci-Co)The area of the wall, namely, the area of the pulmonary capillary wall depends on the venous return and pulmonary blood volume, and the driving force is the pressure gradient between the hydrostatic pressure of the pulmonary capillary and the tissue pressure of the lung. These 2 components are variable with the hemodynamic changes.The thickness of the capillary wall is related to its diameter, depending on the capillary blood volume. So it may be variable not only by the hemodynamic change, but also by the injury due to chemicals, gases and some other physical factors.The hemodynamic changes related to an increased permeability, such as the elevated pulmonary capillary pressure and increased pulmonary capillary blood volume, may be caused by an increased vasomotor activity elicited by stimulation of the central nervous system by various means.An increased capillary filtrate is drawn back by the effective osmotic pressure to the capillary distal to the venule to prevent from accumulation of the excessive extracellular fluid.Some part will be drained through the lymphatic channels to the superior vena cava.If the pulmonary transudation is increased beyond an attractive force of the effective osmotic pressure to drawn fluid inward, then the lymph flow is bound to be increased.Lowering of the osmotic pressure as well as obstruction of the lymphatic channels would provide auxiliary factors to retain interstitial fluid.So far as the lymphatic flow is found to be increased concomitantly with enhanced transudation of the pulmonary capillary, it is reasonably assumed that measurement of the lymph flow can be served as an index of the permeability of the lung capillary.In this report, attempts have been made to measure the lymph flow of the lung to know the effect of the sympathomimetic drug and anoxia both of which are considered to offer a number of conditions intimately related with development of the pulmonary edema.
International Heart Journal刊行会の論文

Experimental Studies on Permeability of the Pulmonary Capillary

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